La face cachée de l’intermédiation financière : composition, traduction et mémorisation du savoir idiosyncratique dans la banque solidaire
Keywords:
Social banking, Idiosyncratic Knowledge, Hierarchy, Organisational Mem- ory, Decision.Abstract
Le savoir idiosyncrasique, défini comme la connaissance interne que la banque produit spécifiquement sur chacun de ses emprunteurs, est au cœur du processus d’intermédiation financière. Pourtant, la manière dont les décisionnaires de la banque utilisent et interprètent cette connaissance dans le processus d’octroi de crédit demeure une boîte noire dans les études économétriques actuelles. A partir d’une analyse statistique textuelle conduite sur 52 avis préalables au comité des engagements d’une banque solidaire française, notre recherche fournit trois principales contributions. Tout d’abord, nous montrons que la banque solidaire étudiée produit un savoir idiosyncrasique largement composé d’informations qualitatives. Ensuite, nous révélons comment les dimensions qualitative et quantitative du savoir idiosyncrasique sont interprétées par les intermédiaires financiers pour procéder à des offres contractuelles de prêt. Cette interprétation est intimement liée à l’architecture organisationnelle de la banque. Enfin, nous nous interrogeons sur la manière dont la banque mémorise la connaissance spécifique qu’elle produit sur les emprunteurs. Notre analyse révèle que la banque conserve le savoir idiosyncrasique, en articulant un système d’information et les capacités cognitives des agents. A cet égard, notre recherche met en lumière des lacunes dans la mémoire organisationnelle de cette banque et des pistes pour y remédier.
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