Comprendre les motivations des développeurs de l'open source à partir de leur participation : une étude empirique sur une question de recherche inversée

Auteurs

  • Régis MEISSONIER Université de Montpellier 2, GREGOR
  • Isabelle BOURDON Université de Montpellier 2, GREGOR
  • Emmanuel HOUZE Université de Montpellier 2, GREGOR
  • Serge AMABILE Université Paul Cézanne d'Aix-en-Provence, CERGAM
  • Stéphane BOUDRANDI Institut d'Etudes Politiques d'Aix-en-Provence

Mots-clés :

open source, motivations, participation, attitude, implication.

Résumé

Une large part de la littérature sur les projets open source s'est concentrée sur les motivations permettant de prédire le niveau de participation des membres. Toutefois, ces facteurs incitatifs ne garantissent pas pour autant une participation durable. En effet, la plupart des participants se retirent dès que leurs besoins personnels sont satisfaits, si bien que beaucoup de projets sont arrêtés ou abandonnés faute d’avoir su conserver un nombre suffisant de participants actifs. Ce faisant, la question de recherche pourrait être inversée afin d'appréhender dans quelles mesures la participation effective aux projets open source permet aux membres de donner sens à leurs propres motivations ? L'objectif de cet article est de traiter cette question sous un angle énactiviste en considérant que les motivations ne sont pas des préalables à l'action mais se forment dans et par cette dernière (ici la participation). La partie empirique présente les résultats d’une enquête quantitative conduite, sur SourceForge, auprès de 93 membres de projets de logiciels libres destinés aux entreprises. Les résultats révèlent, en particulier, que la réputation, la réciprocité ainsi que les recherches d'opportunités professionnelles sont les variables les plus expliquées par le niveau de participation. En revanche, les motivations concernant l'apprentissage et l'idéologie du logiciel libre ne sont que faiblement déterminées, ce qui vient contre-balancer les résultats des études qui avaient pourtant évalué un fort pouvoir prédictif de ces deux variables sur le niveau de participation escompté. Ceci tend à montrer que la participation semble surtout donner du corps à des motivations pour lesquelles le participant dispose d'indicateurs pratiques quant à leur satisfaction.

Bibliographies de l'auteur

Isabelle BOURDON, Université de Montpellier 2, GREGOR

Isabelle BOURDON est docteur en Sciences de Gestion, habilitée à diriger les recherches et ancienne élève de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan. Elle est Maître de Conférences à l'Ecole Polytechniques Universitaire de l'Université Montpellier II. Elle travaille sur les problématiques de gestion des connaissances et d'évaluation des SI.

Emmanuel HOUZE, Université de Montpellier 2, GREGOR

Emmanuel HOUZE est docteur en Sciences de Gestion. Il est Maître de Conférences à l’IAE de l’Université Montpellier II. Co-directeur du CREGOR, ses domaines de recherches concernent tout particulièrement les problématiques relatives à l’appropriation des technologies de l’information au sein des organisations.

Serge AMABILE, Université Paul Cézanne d'Aix-en-Provence, CERGAM

Serge AMABILE est docteur en sciences de gestion. Il est Maître de Conférences, habilité à diriger les recherche à la Faculté d'Economie Appliquée de l'Université Paul Cézanne. Ses domaines de recherche concernent le management des technologies de l'information et les problématiques de veille stratégiques dans les organisations.

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2010-08-05

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MEISSONIER, R., BOURDON, I., HOUZE, E., AMABILE, S., & BOUDRANDI, S. (2010). Comprendre les motivations des développeurs de l’open source à partir de leur participation : une étude empirique sur une question de recherche inversée. Systèmes d’Information Et Management (French Journal of Management Information Systems), 15(2), 71–97. Consulté à l’adresse https://revuesim.org/index.php/sim/article/view/307

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