Adoption forcée des SI et émotions : ce que l’humour nous révèle
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.66450/sim.v31i1.01Mots-clés :
Adoption forcée des SI, Méthodologie de vidéographie qualitative , télétravail , humour , Covid-19Résumé
La mise en œuvre du télétravail durant les confinements liés à la COVID-19 constitue un cas extrême de déploiement massif et forcé de systèmes d’information (SI) en milieu professionnel. Cette transformation brutale et soudaine des pratiques a engendré une prolifération de vidéos humoristiques sur Internet relatant les émotions ressenties par les salariés. Pour explorer les dimensions émotionnelles de l’adoption forcée des SI, cette recherche étudie les émotions exprimées dans ces vidéos humoristiques sur le télétravail imposé pendant la pandémie. Nous proposons un protocole d’analyse des vidéos et une grille de codage permettant d’identifier les types d’humour mobilisés et les émotions qu’ils suscitent chez les spectateurs. Nos résultats catégorisent les types d’humour et les relient aux dimensions instrumentale, relationnelle et managériale de l’usage des SI, soulignant le rôle du sentiment de contrôle chez les salariés pour favoriser l’adoption des SI. L’étude montre que l’analyse des émotions des salariés peut offrir aux managers des éclairages précieux sur les défis liés à l’adoption forcée des SI, leur permettant de mieux interpréter les réponses et dynamiques émotionnelles des travailleurs.
Références
Académie de Strasbourg (2021). Identifiez les différents types ou formes de comique. Service de Pédagogie Lettres BTS, 5p. https://pedagogie.ac-strasbourg.fr › fileadmin › pedagogie › lettres (retrieved 2/12/2021).
Agogo, D., & Hess, T. J. (2018). “How does tech make you feel?” a review and examination of negative affective responses to technology use. European Journal of Information Systems, 27(5), 570-599.
Alabi, O. S. (2020). Crisis Communication and Coping Strategies during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Content Analysis of Coronavirus Cartoons and Comics (CCC). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3794390 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3794390
Algorani, E. B., & Gupta, V. (2022). Coping Mechanisms. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559031/
Amosun, T. S., Rufai, O. H., Shahani, R., Gonlepa, M. K., Awomnab, D., & Emmanuel Iyanuoluwa, A. (2024). Predicting the continuance intention to use anti-COVID mobile App for crisis response: Evaluating user appraisal and emotion. SAGE Open, 14(3), 21582440241271090.
Baqutayan, S. M. S. (2015). Stress and coping mechanisms: A historical overview. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2 S1), 479-479.
Bartzik, M., Bentrup, A., Hill, S., Bley, M., von Hirschhausen, E., Krause, G., Ahaus, P., Dahl-Dichmann, A. & Peifer, C. (2021). Care for joy: Evaluation of a humor intervention and its effects on stress, flow experience, work enjoyment, and meaningfulness of work. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 667821.
Bhattacherjee, A., Davis, C. J., Connolly, A. J., & Hikmet, N. (2018). User response to mandatory IT use: A coping theory perspective. European Journal of Information Systems, 27(4), 395-414.
Beaudry, A., & Pinsonneault, A. (2010). The other side of acceptance: Studying the direct and indirect effects of emotions on information technology use. MIS Quarterly, 34(4), 689-710.
Bell, T. L. (2022). What’s so funny about COVID-19? How some comic strip artists have approached or avoided a sensitive subject. In Brunn, S.D. & Gilbreath, D. (Eds.), COVID-19 and a World of Ad Hoc Geographies (pp. 795-813). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Benedetto-Meyer, M., & Klein, N. (2017). Du partage de connaissances au travail collaboratif : portées et limites des outils numériques. Sociologies Pratiques, (1), 29-38.
Blaber, Z., Gougoumanova, G., & Palatnik, B. (2021). COVID-19 editorial cartoons: Theories of humor perspectives. Israeli Journal of Humor Research, 10(1). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3902276 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3902276.
Booth-Butterfield, M., & Wanzer, M. B. (2016). Humor, stress, and coping. In Booth-Butterfield, M. & Wanzer, M.B., The Psychology of Humor at Work (pp. 88-107). London: Routledge.
Brown, S. A., Massey, A. P., Montoya-Weiss, M. M., & Burkman, J. R. (2002). Do I really have to? User acceptance of mandated technology. European Journal of Information Systems, 11(4), 283-295.
Cancelas-Ouviña, L. P. (2021). Humor in times of COVID-19 in Spain: Viewing coronavirus through memes disseminated via WhatsApp. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 611788.
Charaudeau, P. (2006). Des catégories pour l’humour ? Questions de Communication, (10), 19-41.
Chirico, F., Zaffina, S., Di Prinzio, R. R., Giorgi, G., Ferrari, G., Capitanelli, I, Sacco, A, Szarpak, L., Nucera, G, Taino, G., Afolabi, A, & Ilesanmi O. (2021). Working from home in the context of COVID-19: A systematic review of physical and mental health effects of teleworkers. Journal of Health and Social Sciences, 6(3), 319-332.
Christopher, S. (2015). An introduction to black humour as a coping mechanism for student paramedics. Journal of Paramedic Practice, 7(12), 610-617.
Collinson, D. (2002). Managing humour, Journal of Management Studies, 39(3), 269-288.
Corkin, S. (2013). Permanent Present Tense: The Unforgettable Life of the Amnesic Patient H.M. New York: Basic Books.
Critchley, S. (2002). On Humour. London: Routledge.
De Guinea, A.O. & Markus, L. (2009), Why break the habit of a lifetime? Rethinking the roles of intention, habit, and emotion in continuing information technology use, MIS Quarterly, 33(3), 433-444.
Dudézert, A., & Leidner, D. E. (2011). Illusions of control and social domination strategies in knowledge mapping system use. European Journal of Information Systems, 20(5), 574-588.
Dudézert A., Fuhrer C., Kalika M., Laval F., Lavastre O., & Moscarola J. (2021), Livre Blanc : Transformer la crise en opportunités : le vécu des managers et salariés, Business Science Institute/Le Sphinx, April. https://lnkd.in/ejXvakM.
Dwivedi, Y. K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E. L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A. K., ... & Wright, R. (2023). “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71, 102642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642.
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1969). A tool for the analysis of motion picture film or video tape. American Psychologist, 24(3), 240–243. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0028327.
Engelbert, R., & Graeml, A. R. (2013). Use of information technology in mandatory settings: A proposal for an objective view of appropriation. Proceedings of the Nineteenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Chicago, Illinois, August 15-17, 2013. https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2013/ISPhilosophy/RoundTablePresentations/6/.
Fana, M., Milasi, S., Napierala, J., Fernández-Macías, E., & Vázquez, I. G. (2020). Telework, Work Organisation and Job Quality During the COVID-19 Crisis: A Qualitative Study (No. 2020/11). JRC Working Papers Series on Labour, Education and Technology. Brussels: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC). https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/231343.
Flaherty, M. G., & Rughiniş, C. (2021). Online memes and COVID-19. Contexts, 20(3), 40-45.
Fridkin, S., Greenstein, G., Cohen, A., & Damari, A. (2024). Perceived usefulness of a mandatory Information System. Applied Sciences, 14(16), 7413. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167413.
Gkinko, L., & Elbanna, A. (2022). Hope, tolerance and empathy: employees' emotions when using an AI-enabled chatbot in a digitalised workplace. Information Technology & People, 35(6), 1714-1743.
Goldkind, L., Wolf, L., Glennon, A., Rios, J., & Nissen, L. (2024). The end of the world as we know it? ChatGPT and social work. Social Work, 69(1), 103-105.
Gruner C. R. (1999). The Game of Humor: A Comprehensive Theory of Why We Laugh. New York, NY: Routledge.
Hällgren, M., Rouleau, L., & de Rond, M. (2018). A matter of life or death: How extreme context research matters for management and organization studies. The Academy of Management Annals, 12(1), 111–153.
Hällgren, M., Geiger, D., Rouleau, L., Sutcliffe, K. M., & Vaara, E. (2025). Organizing and strategizing in and for extreme contexts: Temporality, emotions, and embodiment. Journal of Management Studies, 62(3), 1063-1086.
Hannah, S. T., Uhl-Bien, M., Avolio, B. J., & Cavarretta, F. L. (2009). A framework for examining leadership in extreme contexts. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(6), 897-919.
Holmes, J., & Marra, M. (2002). Having a laugh at work: How humour contributes to workplace culture. Journal of Pragmatics, 34(12), 1683–1710. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(02)00032-2
Hu, L., Ye, L., Guo, M., & Liu, Y. (2023). The impact of leader humor on employee creativity during the COVID-19 period: The roles of perceived workload and occupational coping self-efficacy. Behavioral Sciences, 13(4), 303. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13040303.
Hwang, Y., Al-Arabiat, M., & Shin, D. H. (2016). Understanding technology acceptance in a mandatory environment: A literature review. Information Development, 32(4), 1266-1283.
Jiang, T., Li, H., & Hou, Y. (2019). Cultural differences in humor perception, usage, and implications. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 123. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00123.
Khan, L. A. (2021). Knowledge management in times of pandemic: Insights from humor on social media. In M.W. Bari & E. Alaverdov (Eds.), Impact of Infodemic on Organizational Performance (pp. 105-140). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
Knoblauch, H. (2012). Introduction to the special issue of qualitative research: Video-analysis and videography. Qualitative Research, 12(3), 251-254.
Knoblauch, H., Tuma, R., & Schnettler, B. (2013). Video analysis and videography. In Flick, U. (Ed.). (2013). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis (pp. 435-449). London: Sage.
Knoblauch, H. Schnettler, B., Raab, J. & Soeffner, H.G. (Eds.) (2006). Video Analysis: Methodology and Methods. Qualitative Audiovisual Data Analysis in Sociology. Frankfurt aM: Peter Lang.
Kristy, M., Santosa, P., & Ferdiana, R. (2022). A model for Understanding mandatory system implementation: A literature review. JATISI (Jurnal Teknik Informatika Dan Sistem Informasi), 9(2), 1024-1037. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35957/jatisi.v9i2.1874.
Laval, F., & Dudézert, A. (2021). La transformation digitale des modes de travail : du “crash test” au “new normal”. In Kalika, M. & Beaulieu, P. (Eds.), Les impacts durables de la crise sur le management (pp. 43-66), Caen : Éditions EMS, Management & Société, Business Science Institute Series.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. NY: Springer Publishing Company.
Lebart, L., Pincemin, B., & Poudat, C. (2019). Analyse des données textuelles. Presses de l’Université du Québec.
Lefcourt, H. M., Davidson, K., Prkachin, K. M., & Mills, D. E. (1997). Humor as a stress moderator in the prediction of blood pressure obtained during five stressful tasks. Journal of Research in Personality, 31(4), 523-542.
Lee, H. (2021). Changes in workplace practices during the COVID-19 pandemic: the roles of emotion, psychological safety and organisation support. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 8(1), 97-128.
Lee, R. M. (1993). Doing Research on Sensitive Topics. London: Sage Publications Ltd.
León-Pérez, J. M., Cantero-Sánchez, F. J., Fernández-Canseco, Á., & León-Rubio, J. M. (2021). Effectiveness of a humor-based training for reducing employees’ distress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11177.
Long, D. L., & Graesser, A. C. (1988). Wit and humor in discourse processing. Discourse Processes, 11(1), 35-60.
McGrath, K. (2006). Affection not affliction: the role of emotions in information systems and organizational change. Information and Organization, 16(4), 277-303.
McGraw A. P., Warren C., Williams L. E., Leonard B. (2012). Too close for comfort, or too far to care? Finding humor in distant tragedies and close mishaps. Psychological Science, 23(10), 1215-1223.
Mamun, M. R. A., Prybutok, V. R., Peak, D. A., Torres, R., & Pavur, R. J. (2023). The role of emotional attachment in IPA continuance intention: an emotional attachment model. Information Technology & People, 36(2), 867-894.
Mann, S., & Holdsworth, L. (2003). The psychological impact of teleworking: stress, emotions and health. New Technology, Work and Employment, 18(3), 196-211.
Margolis, E., & Zunjarwad, R. (2018). Visual research. In Flick, U. (Ed.). (2013). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis (pp. 600-626). London: Sage.
Marouwa, H. (2021). L’humour au cœur de la crise sanitaire en Algérie. Revue Elacadimia de Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 3(01), 284-296.
Martin, D.M. (2004). Humor in middle management: Women negotiating the paradoxes of organizational life. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 32(2), 147-170.
Martin, R. A., & Ford, T. (2018). The Psychology of Humor: An Integrative Approach. Cambridge MA: Academic Press.
Mayer, C. H., & Mayer, L. J. (2024). Humour as a coping strategy of employees in remote workspaces and social media communication during the COVID-19. In Vanderheiden, E., & Mayer, C. H. (Eds.) The Palgrave Handbook of Humour Research (pp. 403-421). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Mendoza, A., Miller, T., Pedell, S. & Sterling, L. (2013). The role of users’ emotions and associated quality goals on appropriation of systems: two case studies. ACIS 2013 Proceedings. 57. https://aisel.aisnet.org/acis2013/57
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2020). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. Fouth Edition. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications, International Student Edition.
Moscarola, J. (2018). Faire parler les données : Méthodologies quantitatives et qualitatives. Caen: Éditions EMS.
Mothe, C., Delfosse, E., & Bocquet, A. M. (2021). L’analyse de données textuelles assistée par ordinateur. Revue Française de Gestion, 47(2), 11-37.
Myers, M. D. (2019). Qualitative Research in Business and Management. London: Sage.
Nicholls, C. (2020). Online humour, cartoons, videos, memes, jokes, and laughter in the epoch of the coronavirus. Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture, (10), 274-318.
O'Driscoll, M. P., & Beehr, T. A. (2000). Moderating effects of perceived control and need for clarity on the relationship between role stressors and employee affective reactions. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140(2), 151-159.
Oduor, J. A., & Kodak, B. (2020). Online humour as a coping mechanism in the face of coronavirus pandemic: The Kenyan context. East African Scholars Journal of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, 2(4), 1-8.
Pataki-Bittó, F., & Kun, Á. (2022). Exploring differences in the subjective well-being of teleworkers prior to and during the pandemic. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 15(3), 320-337.
Pignot, E., & Thompson, M. (2024). Affect and relational agency: How a negative ontology can broaden our understanding of IS research. Information and Organization, 34(1), 100500.
Pirkkalainen, H., Salo, M., Makkonen, M., & Tarafdar, M. (2017). Coping with technostress: When emotional responses fail. In 38th International Conference on Information Systems, Seoul. Association for Information Systems. http://aisel.aisnet.org/icis2017/IT-and-Social/Presentations/3/.
Plester, B. (2009). Healthy humour: Using humour to cope at work. Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 4(1), 89-102.
Purigilla, G. (2023). Automatic Classification of Conversational Humor with a Focus on COVID-19 Tweets, Doctoral dissertation, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad.
Quemener, N. (2009). Performativité de l’humour : enjeux méthodologiques et théoriques de l’analyse des sketches dans les talk-shows. Questions de Communication, 16(2), 265-288.
Quemener, N. (2014). Le pouvoir de l’humour. Politiques des représentations dans les médias en France. Paris: Armand Colin.
Reddy, W. M. (2001). The Navigation of Feeling: A Framework for the History of Emotions. Cambridge University Press.
Renzetti, C. M., & Lee, R. M. (Eds.) (1993). Researching Sensitive Topics. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Ritala, P., Ruokonen, M., & Ramaul, L. (2023). Transforming boundaries: how does ChatGPT change knowledge work? Journal of Business Strategy, 45(3), 214-220
Ritchie, G. (2004). The Linguistic Analysis of Jokes. London: Routledge.
Roberts, A. (2019). A Philosophy of Humour. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
Romero, E. J., & Cruthirds, K. W. (2006). The use of humor in the workplace. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(2), 58–69. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMP.2006.20591005
Rowe, F. (2012). Toward a richer diversity of genres in information systems research: new categorization and guidelines. European Journal of Information Systems, 21(5), 469-478.
Saadé, R. G., & Kira, D. (2006). The emotional state of technology acceptance. Issues in Informing Science & Information Technology, 3, 529-539.
Saldaña, J., & Omasta, M. (2016). Qualitative Research: Analyzing Life. London: Sage Publications.
Samson, A. C., Glassco, A. L., Lee, I. A., & Gross, J. J. (2014). Humorous coping and serious reappraisal: Short-term and longer-term effects. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 10(3), 571-581.
Selander, L., & Henfridsson, O. (2012). Cynicism as user resistance in IT implementation. Information Systems Journal, 22(4), 289-312.
Schaupp, S. (2023). Ridiculing the artificial boss: organisational technocultures and the humorous criticism of AI at work. Work in the Global Economy, 3(1), 31-48.
Sen, A. (2012). Humour analysis and qualitative research. Social Research Update, (63), 1.
Schaupp, S. (2023). Ridiculing the artificial boss: organisational technocultures and the humorous criticism of AI at work. Work in the Global Economy, 3(1), 31-48.
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi‐sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.
Schütz, G., & Noûs, C. (2021). Pour une sociologie du télétravail ancrée dans les organisations. Sociologies Pratiques, 43(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3917/sopr.043.0001
Shurcliff, A. (1968). Judged humor, arousal, and the relief theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8(4, Pt.1), 360–363. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0025493
Simione, L., & Gnagnarella, C. (2023). Humor coping reduces the positive relationship between avoidance coping strategies and perceived stress: a moderation analysis. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 179-190.
Singh, V., & Verma, S. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 awareness and technological anxiety on “mandatory telework”: a Danish case study. Information Technology & People, 36(5), 1790-1809.
Spector, P. E. (1986). Perceived control by employees: A meta-analysis of studies concerning autonomy and participation at work. Human Relations, 39(11), 1005-1016.
Stein, M. K., Newell, S., Wagner, E. L., & Galliers, R. D. (2014). Felt quality of sociomaterial relations: Introducing emotions into sociomaterial theorizing. Information and Organization, 24(3), 156-175.
Stein, M. K., Newell, S., Wagner, E. L., & Galliers, R. D. (2015). Coping with information technology. Mixed emotions, vacillation, and nonconforming use patterns. MIS Quarterly, 39(2), 367-392.
Svebak, S., & Martin, R. A. (2014). Humor as a form of coping. In Svebak, S. & Martin, R.A., Stress and Health (pp. 173-184), Taylor & Francis.
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1994). Positive illusions and well-being revisited: separating fact from fiction. Psychological Bulletin, 116(1), 21–27.
Te'Eni, D., Rowe, F., Ågerfalk, P. J., & Lee, J. S. (2015). Publishing and getting published in EJIS: Marshaling contributions for a diversity of genres. European Journal of Information Systems, 24(6), 559-568.
Torres-Marín, J., Navarro-Carrillo, G., Eid, M., & Carretero-Dios, H. (2022). Humor styles, perceived threat, funniness of COVID-19 memes, and affective mood in the early stages of COVID-19 lockdown. Journal of Happiness Studies, 23(6), 2541-2561.
Turedi, S., & Ekebas-Turedi, C. (2019). “I’ll use IT the way I feel like it”–The influence of user emotions on ERP usage. Journal of International Technology and Information Management, 28(2), 109-139.
Venkatesh, V. (2000), Determinants of perceived ease of use: integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model, Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342-365.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User Acceptance of Information Technology: Toward a Unified View, MIS Quarterly 27(3), 425-478.
Vidolov, S. (2022). Uncovering the affective affordances of videoconference technologies. Information Technology & People, 35(6), 1782-1803.
Waizenegger, L., McKenna, B., Cai, W., & Bendz, T. (2020). An affordance perspective of team collaboration and enforced working from home during COVID-19. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(4), 429-442.
Wu, J., & Lederer, A. (2009). A meta-analysis of the role of environment-based voluntariness in information technology acceptance. MIS Quarterly, 33(2), 419-432.
Xiao, Y., & Yu, S. (2022). Using Humor to promote social distancing on TikTok during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 887744.
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods, 6th edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Yin, Y., & Hsu, C. (2023). The role of privacy and emotion in ARBS continuing use intention. Internet Research, 33(1), 219-241.
Zappavigna, M., & Logi, L. (2021). Emoji in social media discourse about working from home. Discourse, Context & Media, 44, 100543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2021.100543.
Zhou, F., Tong, Y., Tan, S. L. S., & Teo, H. H. (2024). Using emotions to cast light into the “black-box” of user adaptation and continued use of health information system. Information & Management, 61(2), 103880.
Téléchargements
Publiée
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
L'auteur a la responsabilité de vérifier si le matériel soumis est soumis au droit d'auteur ou aux droits de propriété (par exemple, figures, tableaux, photographies, illustrations, documentation commerciale et données). L'auteur devra obtenir l'autorisation de reproduire ces éléments et inclure ces autorisations dans leur soumission finale.
Nous avons pour politique de demander à tous les auteurs de transférer gratuitement à la revue les droits d'auteur. Il y a deux grandes raisons à cela :
- la propriété du droit d'auteur par le propriétaire du journal facilite la protection internationale contre la violation du droit d'auteur, la diffamation ou le plagiat;
- il garantit également que les demandes de réimpression ou de reproduction d'une contribution, en totalité ou en partie, sous forme imprimée ou électronique, soient traitées efficacement conformément à notre politique générale qui encourage la diffusion des connaissances dans le cadre du droit d'auteur.
Conformément à la loi française sur la propriété intellectuelle, l'auteur d'un article conserve les droits moraux :
- Le droit de paternité qui permet à l'auteur de voir son nom associé à chacune des exploitations de son œuvre.
- Le droit au respect de l’œuvre qui peut être revendiqué par l'auteur s'il constate que lors d'une exploitation, son œuvre a été dénaturée (coupe, remontage…).

